For example, if a book is resting upon a surface, then the surface is exerting an upward force upon the book in order to support the weight of the book. The normal force is the support force exerted upon an object that is in contact with another stable object. (Caution: do not confuse weight with mass.) The force of gravity on earth is always equal to the weight of the object as found by the equation: Fgrav = m * g where g = 9.8 N/kg (on Earth) All objects upon earth experience a force of gravity that is directed "downward" towards the center of the earth. By definition, this is the weight of the object. The force of gravity is the force with which the earth, moon, or other massively large object attracts another object towards itself. Gravity Force (also known as Weight) F grav The applied force is the force exerted on the desk by the person. If a person is pushing a desk across the room, then there is an applied force acting upon the object. Work is equal to the force times the distance and is measured in joules.An applied force is a force that is applied to an object by a person or another object. ![]() Work - Work occurs in physics when a force acts on an object to move it some distance. In physics, weight is measured in newtons. Weight - Weight is the force of gravity on an object. Watt - The watt is the standard unit of measure for power. ![]() The magnitude of velocity is the object's speed. Velocity - Velocity is the rate of change in an object's position. Vector - A vector is a quantity that has both a magnitude and a direction. Third law of motion - The third law of motion states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. It is a scalar quantity measured by distance over time. Speed - Speed is the measurement of how fast on object moves relative to a reference point. Some examples of simple machines include the lever, pulley, inclined plane, wedge, and screw. Simple machine - A simple machine is a basic mechanical device for applying a force and doing work. Second law of motion - The second law of motion states that the greater the mass of an object, the more force it will take to accelerate the object. Unlike a vector, a scalar does not have direction. ![]() Scalar - A scalar is a measurement that only measures the magnitude. Pressure - Pressure is the force over a given area. Power is calculated by dividing work over time. Power - Power is a measurement of the rate at which energy is used. Potential energy - Potential energy is the energy stored by an object due to its state or position. Pascal - The pascal is the standard unit of measure for pressure. Newton - The newton is the standard unit of measure for force. It is a vector measured in newton-seconds. Momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity of an object. Momentum - Momentum is a measurement of mass in motion. Mass - Mass is a measurement of how much matter is in an object. It is a scalar quantity calculated using the formula KE = ½ * m * v 2, where m = mass and v = velocity. Kinetic energy - Kinetic energy is the energy an object has due to its motion. Joule - The joule is the standard unit of measure for energy and work. Impulse - An impulse is a change in momentum. On Earth gravity pulls at objects with an acceleration of 9.8 m/s 2. Gravity - Gravity is a force caused when the mass of physical bodies attract each other. It is a force and is measured in newtons. Force is a vector measured in newtons.įriction - Friction is the resistance of motion when one object rubs against another. The standard unit of measure for energy is the joule.įirst law of motion - The first law of motion states that any object in motion will continue to move in the same direction and speed unless external forces act on it.įorce - Force is the measurement of a push or pull on an object. It is a vector quantity.Įnergy - Energy is the ability to do work. ![]() Acceleration is a vector.Ĭollision - A collision in physics occurs when any two objects bump into each other.ĭisplacement - In physics, displacement refers to an object's overall change in position. It is equal to the change in velocity over the change in time. Acceleration - Acceleration is the measurement of the change in an object's velocity.
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